Hobizontal coke oven



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vFRANZ JOSEPH COLLIN,`OF DORTMUND, GERMANY.

HORIZONTAL COKE-OVEN.

PECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 538,898, dated May 7, 1895.

Application led July 19, l 8 94.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANZ JOSEPH COLLIN, a subject of the King of the Belgians, residing at Dortmund, in the Kingdom of Prussia, Germany, have invented new and useful Improvements in or Relating to Horizontal Coke- Jlvens, of which the following is a specicaion.

The construction of coke ovens hereinafter described has for its purpose a very hot working of the ovens, whereby it is rendered possible to coke not only bituminous coal, but also coal containing small quantities of gas and incapable of satisfactory baking. vFurthermore, the passages for the gas and the heating channels are so arranged, that the escaping gases can be used for heating the boilers, and the extraction of products can be effected in the most simple manner.

The particular arrangement of the gas passages Which forms the leading feature of this invention is ,hereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, which illustrate acoke-oven constructed according to my invention, Figure l shows tive plan views of the oven, taken,respectively, on line 1 2, Figs. 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10, on line 3 4, Figs. 2, 3,6, 8, and l0, on line 5 6, Fig. 4, on line 7 8, Fig. 8, and on line 9 lO, Fig. 10. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section on line n o, Fig. l. MFig. 3 is a section on linep q, Fig. 4. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section of the oven-wall on line r s, Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a section on line t u, Fig. 6. Fig. 6 is a longitudinal section of the ovenwall on line fo w, Fig. 5, and shows a diierent arrangement of sinuous channels g from that represented in Fig. 4. Fig. 7 shows two sections on lines a b and o d, Fig. 8. Fig. 8 is a longitudinal section of the oven-wall on line 717e, Fig. 7, showing another construction of the sinuous channels g. Fig. 9 shows two sections on lines efand g h, Fig. 10. Fig. 10 is a longitudinal section of the oven-wall on line l m, Fig. 9, and illustrates a further different arrangement of the sinuous channels g. Fig. 1l is a section of the whole oven in combination with a col edischarging machine, (pushing engine.)

The improved coke oven comprises a series of juxtaposited horizontal chambers or ovens proper b, which are provided with charging Serial No. 517,990. (No model.)

orifices a. (Figs. l, 2, and 3). ovens or chambers b may be tightly closed by means of vertically movable doors connected to hoisting cables (not shown) or in any other suitable manner. The top walls of the chambers b are provided with outlets c (Figs. l, 2, 7, and 11) above which are arranged longitudinal channels d provided with lateral openings or slots d (Figs. 7 and 9) leading into longitudinal passages e extending between the channels d (Figs. 1 and 3 to 10). At the `ends of the structure are provided openings f leading downward fromthe passages e into sinuous channels g arranged in the side walls of the chambers b. The openings fmay be closed by means of dampers o. At approximately the center of each side Wall in, the same longitudinal piane with the channels g is a partition g',`and the channels g extend vertically along the said partition and connect with horizontal flues h disposed longitudinally of the side wall near the bottom thereof beneath the plane of the ovens.

Lateral openings i, located at the ends of the side walls, lead from the fines h into bottom channels lo and k respectively, the channels c communicating with the take-up iiue Z by means of passages m (Fig. ll), while each channel lo connects with the adjacent channel k through the medium of passages n (Figs. l and 2). The partition g also extends into the passages e to divide each of them into two parts, as shown. The channels lo and k are arranged directly beneath the ovens and alternate with each other.

In the bottom of the oven are arranged air channels s extending cross-wise of each other, below the flues h, la and k. At the ends of the oven vertical passages t (Figs. l, 4, 6, 8 and l0) lead upward from the air channels s into horizontal channels u located between the lues hand channels g. The channels u are provided with perforations or orifices o adapted to discharge heated air into the channels g. A further supply of air may be admitted into the channels g if required, through holes w (Figs.` 4, 6, 8 and 10) which also serve as sights to Watch the effect of the heating process. In the top of the chambersb I also provide pipes p (Fig. 2) which are connected with a distilling apparatus (not shown), and the latter is again connected with pipes q The ends of the IOS) (Figs. 4, G, 8 and 10) from which tubes *r lead into the channels g at the ends of the oven.

At one end of the oven I provide a cokedischarging apparatus (a pushing engine) E running on rails as shown in Fig. 11.

The apparatus may be operated in two dit'- ferent manners, according as to whether or not it is desired to recover the by-products by distillation. When the by-products are to be recovered, the dampers o are closed. The retorts or ovens b are charged with coal through the openings a, and under the influence of the heat produced by the combustion of gases in the channels g, as will be described presently, the coal in the ovens b gives od gases which pass up through the pipes p into the still (not shown) where the contents of ammonia and tar are obtained in the usual manner. The purilied gases are returned to the oven through the pipes q and tubes r, and then travel through the sinuous channels g, 'where they are ignited by contact with the hot walls of the oven, the combustion gases passing out through the dues h and openings z' into the channels 7o and k respectively, and finally through the passages m into the takeup flue Z. The air required for combustion is supplied through the channels s, t, u, and orifices u, and gets heated while traveling through the said channels, whereby a better" combustion is obtained, and the walls of the combustion chamber, t'. e., the channels and iiues g, h, and j, lo', are .kept comparatively cool. If required air may be admitted through the openings w to secure apartial combustion of the gases before they mix with the hot air. When the operation is completed in one of the retorts or ovens b the doors at the ends of the said oven are opened, and the coke is removed by means ot` the pushing engine E.

It will be observed (see particularly the upper section of Fig. 1) that the combustion gases from each oven or retort do not travel to the take-up Hue l directly under the same retort, but are caused to pass under the adjacent retort, that is, the combustion gases issuing from the fines 7L pass rst into one of the channels c and then into the channel k located under the adjacent oven l). The result of this arrangement is to keep a freshly charged oven heated by the heat evolved in the adjacent oven, since two adjacent ovens are never emptied in immediate succession. The production of gas and coke is a continuous one, and the combustion gases collected in the take-up Hue Z may be conducted to the boiler and to the chimney.

Vtfhen it is not desired to purify the gas evolved from the coal, with aview to obtaining by-products by distillation, the dampers o are opened, and the gas is caused to pass up through the outlets c into the channels d and thence through the slots d into the passages c. From the latter the gas passes down into the sinuous channels g. The further course 0f the gas is exactly the same that I have described above.

dempers o, so as to entirely avoid the danger of fusion which might result from a surplus of gas, or too hot a gas current. I consider this a great advantage of my invention.

Various constructions of the sinuous channelsg may be adopted. In Fig. 4 I have shown two sets of superposed channels com municating at their inner and their outer ends. I have also shown dampers o at the outer ends of the channels, permitting the inlet to either of the superposed channels to be entirely or partly closed. In Fig. 6 a single set of sinuous channels g is represented, and the dampers o have been omitted. In Fig. 8, the channels g consist of two superposed lues connected by means of vertical passages having enlarged portions, and the inner ends of the lower flues are connected to upward passages which in turn communicate with downward passages disposed adjacent to the central partition g. The orilices o discharge air partly into the lower portion of the channels g, and partly into -the upper portion of the same, adjacent to the central partition. As shown in Fig. 10, the sinuous channels g are produced by horizontal partitions in the outer part of the side walls, and vertical partitions in the central part of the said walls. The arrangement of the orilices u is the same as in Fig. 8.

What I claim, and desire to tecure by Letters Patent, is-

l. A coke oven provided with essentially horizontal chambers or ovens, channels arranged directly above the said chambers and communicating therewith, longitudinal passages extending between the said channels and communicating therewith, said passages being divided into two parts at approximately the center of the oven, sinuous channels arranged in the side walls of the oven and connected to the saidV passages at the ends of the oven, essentially horizontal fines located below the said sinuous channels and communieating therewith at the central portion of the oven, and bottom channels connected. to the said tlues and of which each two communicate with each other so as to cause the gases from either ot' the ovens or chambers connected to the said channels, to pass successively under each of the ovens through the said two bottom channels, one of each two bottom channels being connected with a smoke flue, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. A coke oven provided with essentially horizontal chambers or ovens, channels arranged directly above the said chambers and communicating therewith, longitudinal passages extending between the said channels and communicating therewith, said passages being divided into two parts at approximately the center of the oven, sinuous channels ar- IOO IIO

ranged in the side walls of the oven and connected to the said passages at the ends of the oven, dampers arranged at the points where the said passages communicate with the sinuons channels, longitudinaltiues located in the side walls below the said sinuous channels and communicating therewith at the central portion of the oven, and bottom channels arranged between the said fines in the bottom walls of the ovens and connected to the said 'lues at the ends of the oven, each two of the said bottom channels communicating with each other so as to cause the gases from either of the ovens or chambers connected to the said channels, to pass successively under each of the ovens through the said two bottom channels, one of each two bottom channels being connected with a smoke Hue, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. A coke oven provided with a series of juxtaposited essentially horizontal chambers or ovens, channels arranged in the bottom walls of the said chambers and connected with the chambers so as to receive the gasestherefrom, each two of the said bottom channels communicating with each other so as to cause the gases from either of the ovens or chambers connected to the said channels, to pass successively under each of the ovens through the said two bottom channels, one of each two bottom channels being connected with a smoke Hue, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

FRANZ JOSEPH COLLlN.

Witnesses:

FRANZ WEINDORF, ALBERT KLINGHAMMER. 

